1. What are the three?
（1）Ubuntu：
Software name: Ubuntu
Developer : Canonical Inc
Software Platform : Linux operating system
Initial Creation: October 20, 2004
Software category: Free and open source software
（2）CentOS：
CentOS (Community Enterprise Operating System, Chinese meaning Community Enterprise Operating System) is a Linux distribution compiled from the source code released by Red Hat Enterprise Linux in accordance with open source regulations. Because of the same source code, some servers that require high stability use CentOS instead of the commercial version of Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The difference between the two is that CentOS is completely open source.
（3）：Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Red Hat released a Linux operating system for business users.
Chinese name: Red Hat Enterprise Linux
English name: RedHat Enterprise Linux Resource type: Bin
Release time: 2007
Produced and distributed by Red Hat Red Hat
Region: Mainland China, United States, Hong Kong, Taiwan
Language: Mandarin, English
1. Ubuntu:
Ubuntu (also known as Ubuntu) is an open source GNU/Linux operating system based on desktop applications, Ubuntu is based on Debian GNU/Linux, supports x86, amd64 (i.e., x64), ARM and ppc architectures, and is built by a global professional development team (Canonical Ltd). [1]
Its name comes from the Zulu or Hausa word "ubuntu" in southern Africa [2], similar to the Confucian idea of "benevolence", meaning "human nature", "I exist because of everyone's existence", and is a value of African tradition.
Ubuntu is based on the Debian distribution and the GNOME desktop environment, and from version 11.04 onwards, the Ubuntu distribution abandoned the Gnome desktop environment and replaced it with Unity, unlike Debian in that it releases a new version every 6 months. The goal of Ubuntu is to provide the average user with an up-to-date and at the same time fairly stable operating system built mainly on free software. Ubuntu has a huge community power, and users can easily get help from the community. [3] Ubuntu has made a great contribution to the popularization of GNU/Linux, especially the desktop, so that more people can share the results and excitement of open source.
On January 3, 2013, Ubuntu officially released a mobile operating system for smartphones. [4]
Ubuntu is a free and open-source desktop PC operating system based on Linux, which is very suitable for Intel's ultrabook positioning, supporting x86, 64-bit and PPC architectures.
On February 20, 2014, Canonical held an Ubuntu smartphone launch conference at the Crowne Plaza Zhongguancun Hotel in Beijing, officially announcing that Ubuntu and domestic mobile phone manufacturer Meizu have cooperated to launch the Ubuntu version of MX3. Li Nan, vice president of Meizu, attended the meeting.
2. CentOS
CentOS is an enterprise Linux distribution based on Red Hat Linux, with freely available source code. Each version of CentOS is supported for ten years (via security updates). New versions of CentOS are released approximately every two years, and each version of CentOS is updated regularly (roughly every six months) to support new hardware. This establishes a secure, low-maintenance, stable, predictive, and highly repeatable Linux environment. CentOS is an abbreviation for Community Enterprise Operating System.
CentOS is a product of the recompilation of the source code of RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux), and on the basis of RHEL, it fixes many known bugs, and its stability is reliable compared to other Linux distributions.
CentOS announced its addition to Red Hat in early 2014.
CentOS has remained constant since joining Red Hat:
1. CentOS continues to be free of charge
2. Keep the sponsored content-driven web hub intact
3. The policy for handling bugs, issues, and emergencies remains unchanged
4. Red Hat Enterprise Linux and CentOS firewalls are still there
What has changed is:
1. We work for Red Hat, not for RHEL
2. Red Hat provides sponsorship for building the system and initial content distribution resources
3. Some of the developed resources, including source code, will be easier to obtain
4. Avoided some legal problems with the original and Red Hat
The latest version
The latest version is CentOS 7.6 [1]. The last version was 7.5.
Upstream RHEL 7 main improvements:
Kernel update to 3.10.0, support Linux containers (Docker), Open VMware Tools and 3D images can be installed out of the box, Open JDK7 as the default JDK, ext4 and XFS LVM snapshots, switch to systemd, firewalld and GRUB2, XFS as the default file system, iSCSI and FCoE in the kernel space, support PTPv2, support 40G network cards, etc.
peculiarity
edit
1. CentOS can be understood as Red Hat AS Series! It's a complete improvement to Red Hat AS! There is no difference between various operations, use and RED HAT!
2. CentOS is completely free, and there is no problem that RED HAT AS4 requires serial number.
3. CentOS's unique yum command supports online upgrades, which can update the system instantly, unlike RED HAT that requires spending money to purchase support services!
4. CentOS fixes many RHEL bugs!
5. CentOS Release Notes: CentOS3.1 is equivalent to RED HAT AS3 Update1 CentOS3.4 is equivalent to RED HAT AS3 Update4 CentOS4.0 is equivalent to RED HAT AS4
Relationship with RHEL
RHEL was released in two ways. One is the binary distribution method, and the other is the source code distribution method. Either distribution method you can get it for free (e.g. download it from the Internet) and publish it again. But if you use their online upgrades (including patches) or consulting services, you will have to pay for them. RHEL has always provided a way to distribute the source code, and CentOS recompiles the source code of the RHEL release once to form a usable binary version. Since the source code for LINUX is GNU, it is legal from the time you get the source code for RHEL to the time it compiles it into a new binary. It's just that Red Hat is a trademark, so Red Hat trademarks must be removed in new releases. Red Hat's attitude towards this distribution is: "We are not actually against this distribution, and the users who really pay us are not interested in the system itself, but in the business services we provide." So, CentOS gets all the features of RHEL, even better software. However, CentOS does not provide commercial support to users and is certainly not responsible for any commercial liability. If you're moving your RHEL to CentOS, you don't want to pay for RHEL upgrades. Of course, you must have a lot of experience with Linux, so commercial technical support from RHEL is not important to you. For example, despite the lack of commercial support from RHEL, many companies chose to use CentOS in 2019, such as the famous conference management system MUNPANEL. However, if you are a pure business, then it is still recommended that you purchase RHEL software and the corresponding services. This saves you money on IT overhead and gives you access to professional services. In short, the choice between CentOS and RHEL depends on whether your company has the technical capabilities.
3. Red Hat Enterprise Linux
Red Hat released the general availability of Enterprise Linux 6 on November 11, 2010, which includes enhanced scalability and virtualization features, as well as comprehensive improvements to system resource allocation and energy savings. Theoretically, RHEL can use 64,000 cores in a single system. In addition to better multi-core support, RHEL 6 also inherits support for new chip architectures in RHEL 5.5 releases, including Intel's Xeon 5600 and 7500, as well as IBM's Power7. The new version brings a completely rewritten process scheduler and a new multiprocessor locking mechanism, and takes advantage of NVIDIA graphics processors to make major upgrades to GNOME and KDE, a new System Security Service Daemon (SSSD) feature allows for centralized identity management, and SELinux's sandboxing feature allows administrators to better handle untrusted content. The new components built into RHEL 6 are GCC 4.4 (including backward compatibility with RHEL 4 and 5 components), OpenJDK 6, Tomcat 6, Ruby 1.8.7 and Rails 3, PHP 5.3.2 and Perl 5.10.1, and the database front-end is PostgreSQL 8.4.4, MySQL 5.1.47 and SQLite 3.6.20. After two bounces, Red Hat officially released RHEL5 on March 14, 2007. RHEL 5 will be the fourth major release of Red Hat's commercial server operating system release, Red Hat has been in the works for more than two years with major changes including the Linux kernel upgrade from 2.6.9 to 2.6.18, support for Xen virtualization technology, cluster storage, etc.
The version of RHEL5 is mainly divided into two versions: Sever and Desktop.
Specifically, Server versions are divided into:
· Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform - Corresponding to the previous · Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS
· Red Hat Enterprise Linux - Corresponding to the previous Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES
The Desktop version is divided into:
· Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop—Corresponding to the previous Red Hat Desktop
· Red Hat Enterprise Linux Desktop with Workstation option - Compatible with the previous Red Hat Enterprise Linux WS
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Posted on 2022-1-16 13:09:53
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Posted on 2023-12-20 09:07:18
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